Costs, Fees, and Operating Expenses

Letter of Credit (LC)

A bank-issued guarantee a landlord can draw upon if a tenant defaults — often used as a capital-efficient alternative or supplement to a traditional cash security deposit.

Home Glossary Costs, Fees, and Operating Expenses Letter of Credit (LC)
Definition

A letter of credit (LC) is a bank-issued guarantee that a landlord can draw upon if a tenant defaults on lease obligations, often used as an alternative or supplement to a cash security deposit. For tenants with strong banking relationships, an LC can be more capital-efficient than tying up cash, since it doesn't require the full deposit amount to sit unused with the landlord.

Letter of credit vs cash security deposit

FactorLetter of creditCash security deposit
Capital impactTies up bank credit line, not direct cashDirect cash tied up with landlord
Ongoing costAnnual bank issuance/renewal feesNo ongoing cost beyond opportunity cost
Landlord securityBank-backed guaranteeDirect cash held by landlord

What to watch for before committing

Annual issuance and renewal fees

Understand the ongoing bank fees associated with maintaining a letter of credit over your lease term.

Bank credit line impact

Recognize an LC ties up a portion of your banking credit line, which may affect other financing needs.

Draw conditions specificity

Confirm exactly what conditions allow the landlord to draw on the letter of credit, to avoid overly broad triggering language.

Renewal and evergreen provisions

Understand whether the LC automatically renews (evergreen) or requires active renewal, and what happens if you fail to renew in time.

Bank creditworthiness requirements

Confirm the issuing bank meets the landlord's creditworthiness standards, since not all banks may be acceptable.

Cost-benefit vs cash deposit

Calculate whether the LC's ongoing fees make it more or less cost-effective than simply providing a cash security deposit for your situation.

When you need to know this

  • Large leases requiring significant security — evaluating LC as a capital-efficient alternative to a large cash deposit
  • Preserving cash liquidity — using bank credit rather than tying up direct cash with the landlord
  • Negotiating lease security requirements — understanding LC as an option alongside or instead of a traditional deposit
  • Comparing total cost of security options — weighing LC fees against the opportunity cost of a cash security deposit

Frequently asked questions

What is a letter of credit in a commercial lease? +
A letter of credit is a bank-issued guarantee that a landlord can draw upon if a tenant defaults on lease obligations, often used as an alternative or supplement to a cash security deposit.
Is a letter of credit better than a cash security deposit? +
It depends on your specific financial situation — an LC can be more capital-efficient by preserving cash liquidity, but comes with ongoing bank fees, so calculate the total cost comparison for your circumstances.
What triggers a landlord to draw on a letter of credit? +
This is defined in your lease agreement, typically tied to specific default conditions like non-payment of rent — confirm the exact draw conditions before agreeing to this security structure.
Does a letter of credit expire? +
This depends on the specific terms — some are evergreen and automatically renew, while others require active renewal, and failing to renew in time can create issues if the landlord's requirements aren't met.

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