Zoning and Land Use

Floor Area Ratio (FAR)

A zoning metric calculated as total building floor area divided by lot area — used to determine the maximum permitted square footage that can be built on a given parcel.

Home Glossary Zoning and Land Use Floor Area Ratio (FAR)
Definition

Floor area ratio (FAR) is a zoning metric calculated as total building floor area divided by lot area, used to determine the maximum permitted square footage that can be built on a given parcel. A FAR of 0.5 on a 100,000 square foot lot, for example, permits a maximum of 50,000 square feet of building floor area, though single-story industrial buildings often use a smaller portion of the theoretically available FAR than multi-story buildings would.

FAR calculation example

Lot sizeFAR limitMaximum buildable floor area
100,000 SF0.3535,000 SF
100,000 SF0.5050,000 SF
100,000 SF0.7575,000 SF

What to watch for before committing

FAR limit confirmation

Verify the specific FAR limit allowed under the property's zoning classification before assuming maximum buildable square footage.

Interaction with lot coverage and height limits

Understand that FAR works alongside lot coverage and height restrictions, and the most restrictive of the three ultimately caps your buildable area.

Existing building compliance

Confirm whether an existing building's square footage already complies with current FAR limits or holds non-conforming status.

Expansion feasibility calculation

Calculate remaining FAR capacity if you're evaluating potential building expansion.

Single-story vs multi-story implications

Recognize that industrial buildings, typically single-story, often don't approach maximum theoretical FAR the way multi-story buildings might.

Mezzanine and interior floor area counting

Confirm whether mezzanine or interior additional floor area counts toward FAR calculations under local rules.

When you need to know this

  • Site selection for new construction — calculating maximum buildable square footage on a candidate parcel
  • Planning building expansion — confirming remaining FAR capacity supports your intended addition
  • Evaluating land purchase for development — determining a parcel's development potential based on FAR limits
  • Adding mezzanine or interior floor area — verifying whether the addition counts toward FAR and remains within limits

Frequently asked questions

What is floor area ratio (FAR)? +
Floor area ratio is a zoning metric calculated as total building floor area divided by lot area, used to determine the maximum permitted square footage that can be built on a given parcel.
How do I calculate maximum buildable square footage using FAR? +
Multiply the lot area by the FAR limit — for example, a 100,000 square foot lot with a 0.5 FAR limit permits a maximum of 50,000 square feet of building floor area.
Does FAR limit single-story industrial buildings the same way as multi-story buildings? +
In practice, single-story industrial buildings typically use much less than the theoretical maximum FAR, since they don't stack floors the way office or multi-story buildings do, making FAR a less binding constraint for most warehouse development.
Does a mezzanine count toward FAR? +
This varies by jurisdiction — confirm with the local planning department whether mezzanine or additional interior floor area counts toward your property's FAR calculation.

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